Anaerobic exercise differs from aerobic exercise in that it involves short bursts of high-intensity activity, primarily using energy stored in the muscles, rather than relying on oxygen for extended periods. This type of exercise, such as weight lifting or sprinting, helps build strength, muscle mass, and power while improving overall athletic performance. On the other hand, aerobic exercise is endurance-focused and relies on oxygen consumption. Both forms are essential for a well-rounded fitness routine, addressing different aspects of physical health.