The network topology that connects all devices to a single central hub is called a star topology. In this configuration, each device (or node) is connected directly to the central hub, typically a switch or router. This design allows for easy addition or removal of devices without disrupting the entire network. The central hub manages data traffic, controlling how signals are distributed. A significant advantage of star topology is its reliability; if one connection fails, it does not affect the entire network, making troubleshooting and maintenance straightforward.