The hardware component responsible for rendering **images and videos** on a computer is known as the **graphics processing unit (GPU)**. The GPU accelerates the rendering process, allowing for the creation of complex visuals and animations by handling multiple operations simultaneously. It is crucial for demanding applications like gaming, video editing, and 3D modeling, as it significantly enhances performance and visual quality. Modern GPUs often support advanced technologies such as **ray tracing** and **deep learning**, contributing to immersive multimedia experiences.