The record for the most Olympic medals won by an American athlete is held by Michael Phelps, who earned a remarkable total of 28 medals, including 23 gold medals. Phelps, a competitive swimmer, achieved this historic feat across four Olympic Games from 2004 to 2016. His extraordinary achievements have not only set a high bar in swimming but also elevated the United States’ performance in Olympic history, making him one of the most decorated Olympians of all time.