The high jump technique where athletes vault backward over the bar is called the Fosbury Flop. Developed by Dick Fosbury in the late 1960s, this technique revolutionized high jumping by allowing athletes to clear greater heights. Competitors use a combination of speed and technique to execute the jump, where they approach the bar at an angle and leap backward, arching their back over the bar. The Fosbury Flop has since become the dominant style in competitive high jumping due to its effectiveness and efficiency in clearing heights.