The type of bond that forms between oppositely charged ions is an ionic bond. This bond occurs when one atom transfers one or more electrons to another atom, resulting in the creation of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions. The electrostatic attraction between these ions leads to the formation of a stable ionic compound. Ionic bonding typically occurs between metals and nonmetals, where metals lose electrons and nonmetals gain them, playing a fundamental role in the structure of ionic compounds like salts.