The type of bond formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons is called a covalent bond. In a covalent bond, atoms achieve stability by sharing electrons, allowing them to fill their outer electron shells. This type of bonding is fundamental in forming molecules, such as water (H₂O) and carbon dioxide (CO₂). Covalent bonds can be single, double, or triple, depending on the number of electron pairs shared. Understanding covalent bonding is crucial for studies in organic chemistry and biology.