The theories that explain the molecular basis of inheritance primarily include DNA replication and the gene concept. DNA is the hereditary material that carries genetic instructions, and its structure—specifically the double helix model—facilitates accurate replication during cell division. The Central Dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein. Various experiments, such as those by Gregor Mendel and more recent genetic research, have further elucidated how traits are passed from one generation to the next.