The process responsible for the movement of tectonic plates is known as plate tectonics. This theory describes the large-scale motion of the Earth's lithosphere, which is divided into several rigid plates that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere beneath. The movement of these plates is driven by several factors, including mantle convection, earth's heat flow, and gravitational forces. Plate tectonics is responsible for many geological phenomena, including earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountain ranges. Understanding plate tectonics is crucial for comprehending the dynamic nature of the Earth's surface.