The process that bacteria use to obtain energy from inorganic compounds is called chemosynthesis. This biological mechanism allows certain bacteria to convert inorganic molecules, such as hydrogen sulfide or ammonia, into organic compounds, utilizing energy derived from chemical reactions rather than sunlight. Chemosynthetic bacteria often inhabit extreme environments, such as deep-sea hydrothermal vents, where sunlight is unavailable. This process is essential for primary production in these ecosystems and supports complex food webs. Understanding chemosynthesis expands our knowledge of life's adaptability and survival mechanisms on Earth.