The process that describes the gradual change in ecosystems over time is referred to as ecological succession. This can occur in two primary forms: primary succession, which begins in lifeless areas such as bare rock, and secondary succession, which follows disturbances in previously inhabited areas. Succession involves a series of stages where different species colonize, with early colonizers preparing the environment for later species. Understanding ecological succession is vital for conservation management and restoration projects, as it illustrates the dynamics of ecosystem development and the resilience of natural systems.