The phenomenon characterized by the rise and fall of sea levels is known as tidal action. This action is primarily caused by the gravitational pull exerted by the moon and, to a lesser extent, the sun on Earth's waters. Tides can vary significantly depending on the geography of the coastline, local weather conditions, and the lunar cycle. Understanding tidal patterns is crucial for navigation, coastal management, and studying marine ecosystems as they influence aquatic life and sediment transport.