The part of the human body that produces insulin is the pancreas. This organ has both endocrine and exocrine functions, but its role in regulating blood sugar levels is particularly important. The pancreas secretes insulin, a hormone that facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells, thus lowering blood sugar levels. Dysregulation of insulin production can lead to conditions such as diabetes. Understanding the function of the pancreas is essential in the study of metabolism and endocrinology.