A biome characterized by very low temperatures and permafrost is known as the tundra. This ecosystem features a unique combination of cold climates, short growing seasons, and low biodiversity. Tundra ecosystems can be found in the Arctic and Antarctic regions, and they support specially adapted flora and fauna, such as lichens, mosses, and migratory birds. The presence of permafrost limits root development of plants and impacts the overall nutrient cycling in these cold environments, making them delicate yet important ecosystems.