The term for the study of how organisms adapt to their environment is ecology. This field encompasses the interactions between organisms and their surroundings, examining how adaptations occur in response to biotic and abiotic factors. Ecological studies cover various levels of organization, from individual organisms to populations, communities, and ecosystems. Understanding these adaptations helps explain patterns of biodiversity, species distribution, and evolutionary dynamics. Ecological research plays a critical role in conservation strategies and managing natural resources effectively.