The term for the loss of biodiversity is biodiversity decline or biodiversity loss. This phenomenon occurs when species extinction rates exceed the natural rate of speciation, leading to a decrease in the variety of life forms in an ecosystem. Biodiversity loss is often driven by human activities such as deforestation, pollution, and climate change. The significance of biodiversity lies in its contribution to ecosystem stability, resilience, and functionality. A diverse ecosystem supports essential services like pollination, soil fertility, and water purification, which are crucial for human survival.