The interaction of potentially harmful factors in biological systems is termed synergism. This concept refers to situations where two or more factors work together, resulting in a combined effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects. In ecosystems, synergistic interactions can enhance the toxicity of pollutants or exacerbate the impacts of environmental stressors, such as climate change. Recognizing these interactions is crucial for risk assessment and developing effective management strategies in ecology and public health.