The term for the gradual change in species characteristics over generations is known as evolution. This process involves genetic variation and the selection of advantageous traits through natural selection. Over time, these changes can lead to the development of new species as populations adapt to their environments. Evolution helps explain the diversity of life on Earth and showcases how organisms have adapted to changing conditions. This concept is a cornerstone of biology, underlining the interconnectedness of life and the dynamic processes that shape the natural world. Evolution provides crucial insights into the mechanisms behind species diversity and adaptation.