The term for the evolutionary process of a species becoming adapted to its environment is natural selection. This process occurs when individuals with traits better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing those advantageous traits to the next generation. Over time, this can lead to adaptations that enhance the species' fitness and increase its chances of survival. Natural selection is a key mechanism of evolution and helps explain the diversity of life by illustrating how species evolve in response to changing environmental conditions.