The term for the adaptation of organisms to survive in extreme environments is known as extremophily. Extremophiles are capable of thriving in conditions that are typically lethal to most life forms, such as high temperatures, pH levels, salt concentrations, or pressure. Examples include thermophiles that live in hot springs and acidophiles that thrive in acidic waters. Understanding extremophiles enhances our knowledge of life's adaptability and has implications for biotechnology and astrobiology.