The term for organisms that break down organic material is decomposers, which include fungi, bacteria, and some insects. Decomposers play a crucial role in ecosystems by recycling nutrients from dead plants and animals back into the soil, thus supporting the growth of new life. By breaking down complex organic matter, they facilitate the decomposition process, contributing to nutrient cycling and the maintenance of soil health. This process ensures that ecosystems remain balanced and productive, allowing for the continued flourishing of diverse life forms.