The term for catastrophic events that affect ecosystems is known as disturbances. Disturbances can be natural, such as wildfires and hurricanes, or anthropogenic, like pollution and deforestation. They can lead to significant changes in ecosystem structure and function, often impacting biodiversity and species compositions. Understanding disturbances is crucial for ecology and conservation management, as they can create opportunities for regeneration or lead to ecosystem degradation. Studying these events aids in formulating recovery strategies and enhancing ecosystem resilience to future disturbances.