The term for a specific evolutionary outcome that leads to speciation is adaptive radiation. Adaptive radiation occurs when a single ancestral species diversifies into multiple forms that occupy different ecological niches. This process is driven by various factors, such as environmental changes or the availability of new habitats. Each new species adapts to specific conditions, leading to increased biodiversity. Adaptive radiation is often observed in isolated ecosystems or following mass extinctions, contributing significantly to the richness of life on Earth and showcasing the dynamic nature of evolution.