The term for a complex interaction between organisms and their environment is known as an ecosystem. In an ecosystem, living organisms (biotic factors) and their non-living surroundings (abiotic factors) are interconnected and interact in numerous ways. These interactions can involve competition, predation, mutualism, and other relationships that shape community dynamics. Ecosystems vary in scale and complexity, from small ponds to vast forests, and understanding these interactions is essential for conserving biodiversity and managing natural resources sustainably.