The study of the processes that occur in cells is called cell biology. This field explores the structure and function of cells, including metabolic pathways, cellular signaling, and gene expression. It examines how cells interact with their environment and how these interactions influence organismal biology. Cell biology is fundamental for understanding diseases, as it sheds light on cellular dysfunctions that can lead to health issues. Furthermore, it plays a vital role in advancements in biotechnology and medical research.