Studying microbial diversity is significant for understanding environmental health as microbes play essential roles in nutrient cycling, decomposition, and ecosystem functioning. They contribute to soil fertility, water purification, and even climate regulation through processes like carbon sequestration. High microbial diversity enhances ecosystem resilience, enabling environments to withstand disturbances and adapt to changing conditions. Additionally, shifts in microbial communities can indicate broader changes in ecosystem health, underscoring the importance of conserving microbial diversity to support overall ecological balance and sustainability.