The significance of protein folding is critical as it determines a protein's functionality within biological systems. Properly folded proteins can interact with other molecules and perform their designated roles, such as catalyzing reactions or providing structural support. Misfolded proteins may lead to diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s. Understanding protein folding can aid in the development of treatments and interventions for such conditions, emphasizing the importance of proper biomolecular structures in health.