The significance of mutualism in ecological interactions lies in the benefits derived by both parties involved. Mutualistic relationships enhance survival, growth, and reproduction for each species, promoting biodiversity and ecosystem stability. Examples include pollinators and flowering plants, where pollinators gain food while plants ensure reproduction. This interdependence highlights the intricate connections within ecosystems, emphasizing that the loss of one species can affect many others. Understanding mutualism is crucial for conservation and ecosystem management strategies.