Microbial diversity is significant in ecosystems as it contributes to numerous essential ecosystem functions, such as nutrient cycling, organic matter decomposition, and the maintenance of soil health. Diverse microbial communities enhance resilience against environmental stressors, disease outbreaks, and perturbations. They also facilitate interactions between plants and microorganisms, promoting plant growth and overall ecosystem stability. The loss of microbial diversity can disrupt these processes, leading to negative impacts on agriculture, biodiversity, and ecosystem services, thus underscoring the importance of conserving microbial ecosystems.