Environmental stresses are significant in evolutionary biology as they drive natural selection and adaptation. Stressors such as climate change, pollution, and habitat destruction can influence survival and reproduction, shaping the genetic makeup of populations over time. Organisms that possess advantageous traits in response to these stresses are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on those traits to future generations. This process contributes to evolutionary change and enhances biodiversity by fostering a range of adaptations. Understanding how species respond to environmental stresses informs conservation strategies and promotes ecosystem resilience.