The significance of conducting randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in research lies in their ability to establish causation and reduce bias. By randomly assigning participants to treatment or control groups, RCTs help ensure that differences in outcomes can be attributed to the intervention being tested. This rigorous methodology enhances the validity of findings, making them more reliable for decision-making in areas such as medicine and public health. Ultimately, RCTs are essential for developing evidence-based practices, leading to improved health outcomes.