The scientific term for the wavelength range that the human eye can perceive is known as the visible spectrum. This spectrum ranges approximately from 380 nanometers to 750 nanometers. Within this wavelength range, different wavelengths correspond to different colors, from violet at the lower end to red at the higher end. The perception of these colors is facilitated by photoreceptors in the retina, specifically cones, which play a key role in color vision.