The scientific term for the measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume is density. Density is defined mathematically as mass divided by volume (density = mass/volume). It is often expressed in units such as grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) or kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³). Understanding density is crucial in various scientific fields, such as chemistry and physics, where it helps in identifying substances and predicting their behaviors in different states of matter and environments.