The scientific study of ecosystems is known as ecology. Ecology examines the interactions between organisms and their environment, focusing on how these relationships shape biodiversity, populations, and habitats. It is a multidisciplinary field that incorporates biological, geological, and climatic factors to understand how ecosystems function. Ecologists use various methods, including field studies and modeling, to investigate ecosystem dynamics such as nutrient cycling, energy flow, and species interactions. They play a vital role in addressing environmental issues like conservation and climate change.