The role of the small intestine in the digestive process is to absorb nutrients and minerals from food. This long, coiled organ is lined with villi, tiny projections that increase the surface area for absorption. As chyme from the stomach enters the small intestine, it mixes with digestive enzymes and bile, breaking down food into smaller components. Nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are absorbed through the intestinal walls into the bloodstream. The small intestine is critical for nutrient assimilation, impacting overall health and metabolism significantly.