The pituitary gland is often referred to as the "master gland" because it regulates the functions of many other endocrine glands. Located at the base of the brain, it releases hormones that control various physiological processes. For example, the anterior pituitary secretes hormones like growth hormone, which influences growth and metabolism, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which stimulates the adrenal glands. The pituitary gland also plays a vital role in regulating stress responses, reproductive functions, and thyroid function. Its proper functioning is essential for maintaining homeostasis in the body and overall health.