The role of the myelin sheath in nerve impulse transmission is crucial for ensuring rapid signal conduction. Myelin is a fatty substance that surrounds the axons of neurons, forming an insulating layer that speeds up the transmission of electrical impulses through a process called saltatory conduction. This allows impulses to jump from one node of Ranvier to another, reducing the time it takes for signals to travel. Efficient nerve impulse transmission is fundamental for quick reflex responses, coordination, and overall functioning of the nervous system.