Abiotic factors play a critical role in an ecosystem by influencing the conditions necessary for life. These factors include temperature, light, water availability, soil composition, and atmospheric conditions, all of which shape the habitat and determine species distribution and community structures. For instance, moisture levels dictate what types of vegetation can thrive, while sunlight directly impacts photosynthesis in plants. Understanding abiotic factors is essential for assessing ecosystem health and predicting responses to environmental changes.