The role of teeth in digestion is primarily to mechanically break down food into smaller pieces. This process, known as mastication, increases the surface area of food, making it easier for digestive enzymes to act on it in the stomach and intestines. Teeth are categorized into incisors, canines, and molars, each adapted for specific functions, such as cutting, tearing, and grinding food. Effective chewing is essential for proper digestion and nutrient absorption.