Soil microorganisms play a crucial role in nutrient cycling by decomposing organic matter and recycling nutrients back into the soil. Bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms break down dead plants and animals, releasing essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are vital for plant growth. This decomposition process also enhances soil structure and fertility, promoting healthy ecosystems. Additionally, certain soil microorganisms facilitate symbiotic relationships with plants, such as mycorrhizae, helping them absorb nutrients more efficiently and improving their resilience to stress. Overall, soil microorganisms are vital for maintaining ecosystem health and productivity.