The role of meiosis in reproduction is to produce gametes—sperm and egg cells—through a process that creates genetic diversity. Meiosis involves two rounds of cell division, resulting in four non-identical daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell. This reduction is crucial for maintaining the correct chromosome number upon fertilization. By introducing genetic variation through processes like crossing over and independent assortment, meiosis contributes to the evolution and adaptability of species.