Chlorophyll plays a critical role in photosynthesis, the process where plants convert light energy into chemical energy. Chlorophyll absorbs light, primarily in the blue and red wavelengths, while reflecting green light, which gives plants their characteristic color. This pigment is vital for capturing sunlight and initiating the transformation of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. The significance of chlorophyll extends to ecosystem productivity, supporting the food chain and influencing climate regulation through oxygen production and carbon fixation.