The process of transcription in protein synthesis involves converting a specific segment of DNA into RNA. This process begins when RNA polymerase binds to a gene's promoter region, unwinding the DNA and synthesizing a complementary strand of RNA. The resulting messenger RNA (mRNA) then undergoes processing, such as splicing, before being transported to the ribosome for translation into a protein. Transcription is a vital step in the flow of genetic information from DNA to functional proteins, crucial for cellular function.