The process of genetic engineering involves manipulating an organism's DNA to achieve desired traits or characteristics. Techniques include the insertion, deletion, or alteration of genes using tools like CRISPR or recombinant DNA technology. Genetic engineering is used in various fields, such as agriculture (creating disease-resistant crops), medicine (producing insulin or gene therapies), and environmental science (bioremediation). While it offers numerous benefits, including increased food security and medical advancements, ethical considerations and potential risks associated with genetic modification are essential factors to address.