The process of creating a genetic map is called genetic mapping or linkage mapping. This technique involves determining the location of genes on a chromosome and their relative distances from one another based on the frequency of recombination during meiosis. Genetic maps are essential for understanding the hereditary aspects of traits and can assist in identifying disease-associated genes. This mapping forms the basis for advancements in areas such as genomics, breeding programs, and personalized medicine, contributing to enhanced understanding of genetic inheritance.