Cellular senescence is the process by which cells cease to divide and enter a state of permanent growth arrest, often triggered by stress factors like DNA damage or oxidative stress. While senescence serves protective functions by preventing the proliferation of damaged cells, it can also contribute to aging and age-related diseases when accumulated in tissues. Senescent cells secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which can disrupt surrounding tissue and affect overall tissue homeostasis.