The process when water vapor becomes liquid water is called condensation. This occurs when water vapor cools and loses enough energy for molecules to come together and form liquid droplets. Condensation is a key component of the water cycle, contributing to the formation of clouds, dew, and precipitation. It can happen on surfaces or in the atmosphere, depending on temperature and humidity conditions. Understanding condensation is crucial for meteorology and has implications for weather forecasting and climate patterns, as it influences humidity levels and precipitation events.