The process by which species adapt to environmental changes is known as natural selection. This evolutionary mechanism occurs when individuals with advantageous traits have higher survival and reproductive rates than those without such traits. Over generations, these favorable traits become more common in the population, leading to adaptations that enhance survival in specific environments. Natural selection drives the evolutionary process by influencing the genetic composition of populations, which allows species to respond dynamically to environmental pressures. It is a key concept in evolutionary biology, explaining how species evolve over time.