The process by which DNA is transcribed into RNA is known as transcription. During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase synthesizes a single strand of RNA based on the sequence of the DNA template. This process occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and produces messenger RNA (mRNA), which serves as a template for translating genetic information into proteins. Transcription is a critical step in the broader process of gene expression and regulation, linking genetic information to functional output within cells.