The process by which cells divide to form new cells is called mitosis. This essential function involves a series of carefully regulated phases that result in two genetically identical daughter cells. Mitosis is crucial for growth, development, and tissue repair in multicellular organisms. The phases of mitosis include prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, followed by cytokinesis, where the cytoplasm divides. Accurate mitosis ensures the proper distribution of genetic material, maintaining cellular function and overall organism health.